. Mac OS X Leopard (version 10.5) is the sixth of, desktop and server for computers. Leopard was released on October 26, 2007 as the successor of, and is available in two editions: a version suitable for, and a version,.

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It retailed for $129 for the desktop version and $499 for Server. Leopard was superseded by (version 10.6). Leopard is the final version of Mac OS X to support the architecture as Snow Leopard functions solely on based Macs. According to Apple, Leopard contains over 300 changes and enhancements over its predecessor, covering core operating system components as well as included applications and developer tools. Leopard introduces a significantly revised desktop, with a redesigned, a semitransparent, and an updated that incorporates the visual navigation interface first seen in.

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Other notable features include support for writing applications, an automated backup utility called, support for searches across multiple machines, and the inclusion of and, which were previously included with only some Mac models. Apple missed Leopard's release time frame as originally announced by Apple's CEO. When first discussed in June 2005, Jobs had stated that Apple intended to release Leopard at the end of 2006 or early 2007. A year later, this was amended to Spring 2007; however on April 12, 2007, Apple issued a statement that its release would be delayed until October 2007 because of the development of the. Contents.

New and changed features End-user features Apple advertised that Mac OS X Leopard has 300+ new features, including:. A new and improved, with easy starting points to easily start a workflow. It also can quickly create or edit workflows with new interface improvements. Now it can use a new action called 'Watch Me Do' that lets you record a user action (like pressing a button or controlling an application without built-in Automator support) and replay as an action in a workflow. It can create more useful Automator workflows with actions for RSS feeds, iSight camera video snapshots, PDF manipulation, and much more., a feature for users that allows users to access files on their home computer while away from home via the internet., a software assistant allowing for the installation of other operating systems, such as (SP2 or later) or, on a separate partition (or separate internal drive) on Intel-based Macs. enhancements, including Web Clip, a feature that allows users to turn a part of any Web page displayed in into a live Dashboard widget, and to help developers code. New Desktop, comprises a redesigned 3-D with a new grouping feature called, which displays files in either a 'fan' style, 'grid' style, or (since 10.5.2) a 'list' style.

Rory Prior, on the ThinkMac blog, criticized the shelf-like Dock along with a number of other changes to the user interface. can now search, and a dictionary of Apple terminology as well. Also included is the Japanese-language dictionary, Progressive E-J and Progressive J-E dictionaries, and the 25,000-word thesaurus Tsukaikata no Wakaru Ruigo Reikai Jiten ( 使い方の分かる類語例解辞典), all of which are provided by the Japanese publisher. A redesigned, with features similar to those seen in 7, including and a Source list-like sidebar. has been reworked to closely resemble the interface of the original. calendar sharing and group scheduling as well as syncing event invitations from Mail. The icon also reflects the current date even when the application is not running.

In previous versions of Mac OS X, the icon would show July 17 in the icon any time the application was not running but the current date when the application was running. enhancements, including multiple logins, invisibility, animated icons, and tabbed chats, similar to features present in, and the iChat plugin Chax;, allowing users to incorporate images from, presentations from, videos from, and other Quick Look features into video chats; and Backdrops, which are similar to, but use a real-time difference matte technique which does not require a green or blue screen. IChat also implements screen sharing, a feature previously available with.

enhancements including the additions of, Stationery, Notes,. To-dos use a system-wide service that is available to all applications. Network file sharing improvements include more granular control over permissions, consolidation of, and sharing into one control panel, and the ability to share individual folders, a feature that had not been available since. now include the ability to place restrictions on use of the Internet and to set parental controls from anywhere using remote setup. enhancements, including video recording with real-time filters and blue/green-screen technology., an application allowing users to record and distribute podcasts. It requires access to a computer running with. adds support for annotation, graphics, extraction, search, markup, Instant Alpha and size adjustment tools., a framework allowing documents to be viewed without opening them in an external application and can preview it in full screen.

Plug-ins are available for so that you can also view other files, such as Installer Packages. The Finder, showing files in and viewing a file using. 3, which includes Web Clip., an implementation of (individually called 'Spaces'), allows multiple desktops per user, with certain applications and windows in each desktop. Users can organize certain Spaces for certain applications (e.g., one for work-related tasks and one for entertainment) and switch between them. Works inside Spaces, allowing the user to see at a glance all desktops on one screen. ) Users can create and control up to 16 spaces, and applications can be switched between each one, creating a very large workspace. The auto-switching feature in has annoyed some of its users.

Apple added a new preference in 10.5.2 which disabled this feature, but there were still bugs found while switching windows. In 10.5.3, this problem was addressed and was no longer an issue. incorporates additional search capabilities such as, as well as the ability to search other computers (with appropriate )., an automated backup utility which allows the user to restore files that have been deleted or replaced by another version of a file. Though generally lauded in the press as a step forward for data recovery, Time Machine has been criticized in multiple publications for lacking the capabilities of third-party backup software.

Analyzing the feature for, Joe Kissell pointed out that Time Machine does not create bootable copies of backed-up volumes, does not back up to AirPort Disk hard drives and will not back up FileVault encrypted home directories until the user logs out, concluding that the feature is 'pretty good at what it does' but he will only use it as part of a 'broader backup strategy'. One of these issues has been resolved, however; On March 19, 2008, updates were released for AirPort and Time Machine, allowing for Time Machine to use a USB hard disk which has been connected to an AirPort Extreme Base Station. enhancements: significant improvements to applications including, along with increased support for, and a new high‐quality voice. Many changes to the, such as a transparent menu bar, new icons, and a 3D Dock. As well as this, the Apple icon is now black instead of blue. Prior, on the ThinkMac blog, criticized a number of changes to Leopard's user interface, including the transparent menu bar and the new folder icons.

Decreased transparency of the menu bar, along with the ability to disable the menu bar transparency were added with the 10.5.2 release on February 11, 2008. Russian language support, bringing the total to 18 languages. Leopard removes support for applications. Introduced the Alex voice to.

According to Apple, it is the most natural and understandable voice yet. Developer technologies. Native support by many libraries and frameworks for applications, allowing 64-bit applications. Existing applications using those libraries and frameworks should continue to run without the need for or translation. Leopard offers the 2.0 runtime, which includes new features such as.

3.0 supports the updated language and was itself rewritten with it. A new framework, allows a developer to create complex animations while specifying only a 'start' and a 'goal' space. The main goal of Core Animation is to enable the creation of complex animations with small amounts of program code. Apple integrates from the project and adds a graphical interface called (previously Xray). DTrace provides tools that users, administrators and developers can use to tune the performance of the operating system and the applications that run on it. The new Scripting Bridge allows programmers to use and to interface with the Cocoa frameworks. is included in the default install.

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Leopard’s stack has been updated to version 2.1, and uses to increase its vertex processing speed. Apple has been working to get LLVM integrated into; LLVM’s use within other operating system facilities has not been announced. The Graphics and Media State of the Union address confirmed many other features are possible because of Core Animation, such as live desktops, improvements to with custom patches, a new Kit for developers, and improvements to. The framework allows applications to register for notifications of changes to a given directory tree. Leopard includes a read-only implementation of the file system. In mid-December 2006, a pre-release version of Leopard appeared to include support for Sun’s ZFS., CEO and President of, boasted on June 6, 2007, that ZFS had become 'the file system' for Leopard.

However, the senior project marketing director for Mac OS X stated on June 11, 2007, that the existing, not ZFS, would be used in Leopard. Apple later clarified that a read-only version of ZFS would be included. Leopard includes drivers for 2.5, necessary for reading and discs using third-party drives, but the included DVD Player software can only play HD DVDs authored. Leopard includes a framework implementing for classifying (e.g. Textual) data. Leopard is the first operating system with open source BSD code to be certified as fully -compliant. Certification means that software following the can be compiled and run on Leopard without the need for any code modification.

The certification only applies to Leopard when run on Intel processors. Leopard includes. Security enhancements New security features intend to provide better internal resiliency to successful attacks, in addition to preventing attacks from being successful in the first place. Library Randomization Leopard implements, which randomizes the locations of some libraries in memory. Vulnerabilities that corrupt program memory often rely on known addresses for these library routines, which allow injected code to launch processes or change files. Library randomization is presumably a stepping-stone to a more complete implementation of at a later date. Application Layer Firewall Leopard ships with two firewall engines: the original BSD, which was present in earlier releases of Mac OS X, and the new Leopard Application Layer Firewall.

Unlike IPFW, which intercepts and filters IP datagrams before the kernel performs significant processing, the Application Layer Firewall operates at the socket layer, bound to individual processes. The Application Layer Firewall can therefore make filtering decisions on a per-application basis. Of the two firewall engines, only the Application Layer Firewall is fully exposed in the Leopard user interface. The new firewall offers less control over individual packet decisions (users can decide to allow or deny connections system-wide or to individual applications, but must use IPFW to set fine-grained TCP/IP header-level policies). It also makes several policy exceptions for system processes: neither mDNSResponder nor programs running with privileges are filtered. Sandboxes Leopard includes kernel-level support for (RBAC). RBAC is intended to prevent, for example, an application like Mail from editing the password database.

Application Signing Leopard provides a framework to use for to verify, in some circumstances, that code has not been tampered with. Signatures can also be used to ensure that one program replacing another is truly an 'update', and carry any special security privileges across to the new version. This reduces the number of user security prompts, and the likelihood of the user being trained to simply clicking 'OK' to everything. Secure Guest Account Guests can be given access to a Leopard system with an account that the system erases and resets at logout. Security features in Leopard have been criticized as weak or ineffective, with the publisher documenting that the Leopard installer downgraded firewall protection and exposed services to attack even when the firewall was re-enabled. Several researchers noted that the Library Randomization feature added to Leopard was ineffective compared to mature implementations on other platforms, and that the new 'secure Guest account' could be abused by Guests to retain access to the system even after the Leopard log out process erased their home directory.

System requirements Apple states the following basic Leopard system requirements, although, for some specific applications and features (such as iChat backdrops) an Intel processor is required:. Processor: any Intel processor, or PowerPC or (867 MHz and faster) processor. Optical drive: internal or external (for installation of the operating system). Memory: minimum 512 MB of (additional RAM (1 GB) is recommended for development purposes). Hard drive capacity: Minimum 9 GB of space available. Leopard’s retail version was not released in separate versions for each type of processor, but instead consisted of one that could run on both PowerPC and Intel processors.

However, the install discs that ship with Intel-based Macs only contain Intel binaries. Processor type and speed are checked during installation and installation halted if insufficient; however, Leopard will run on slower G4 processor machines (e.g., a 733 MHz ) if the installation is performed on a supported Mac and its hard drive then moved to a slower/unsupported one (the drive may either be an internal mechanism or a external). Fl studio 11 producer edition reg key download. Supported machines Leopard can run on the later flat-panel iMac G4s, the iMac G5, iMac Intel Core Duo and iMac Intel Core 2 Duo, PowerBook G4, Power Mac G4, MacBook, MacBook Pro, MacBook Air, Mac Pro, Mac Mini, Xserve, Xserve G5, Xserve RAID, Macintosh Server G4, and later eMac models. Leopard can run on older hardware as long as they have a G4 upgrade installed running at the 867 MHz or faster, have at least 9 GB free of hard drive space, 512 MB RAM and have a DVD drive.

Leopard however will not run on the 900 MHz iBook G3 models even though they exceed the minimum 867 MHz requirement. This is due to the lack of support in the G3 line of processors. Leopard can be 'hacked' (see below) to install on these G3 and pre-867 MHz G4 machines but the system may behave erratically and many of the programs, features, and functions may not work properly or at all. As of mid-2010, some Apple computers have firmware factory installed which will no longer allow installation of Mac OS X Leopard. These computers only allow installation of Mac OS X Snow Leopard.

However, some computers (such as the 2011 model of the ) can have Leopard installed on them without hacking. Usage on unsupported hardware Some ways of running Leopard on certain unsupported hardware, primarily PowerPC G4 computers with CPU speeds lower than the official requirement of 867 MHz, have been discovered. A common way is use of the program LeopardAssist, which is a bootloader similar in some respects to (used for installing earlier releases of Mac OS X on unsupported G3 and pre-G3 Macs) that uses the Mac’s Open Firmware to tell Leopard that the machine does have a CPU meeting the 867 MHz minimum requirement that the Installer checks for before installation is allowed to commence, when in reality the CPU is slower. Currently, LeopardAssist only runs on slower G4s and many people have installed Leopard successfully on these older machines. Users who have access to supported hardware have installed Leopard on the supported machine then simply moved the hard drive to the unsupported machine. Alternatively, the Leopard Installation DVD was booted on a supported Mac, then installed on an unsupported Mac via Firewire Target Disk Mode. Leopard is only compiled for AltiVec-enabled PowerPC processors (G4 and G5) though, as well as Intel, so both of these methods will only work on Macs with G4 or later CPUs.

While some of the earlier beta releases were made to run on some later G3 machines (mostly later 800–900 MHz iBooks), no success with the retail version has been officially reported on G3 Macs except for some later iMacs and with G4 processor upgrades installed. For a number of months after Leopard's release it appeared that the only G3 Macs on which Leopard could be run were those with both an aftermarket G4 processor and an AGP graphics card, as failures with the OS partially booting before crashing were reported on older Macs such as the original tray-loading iMacs and the Beige and Blue & White Power Mac G3 (all with G4 upgrades as Leopard will not even begin to load without one) whereas it would boot fine on newer Macs where the Installer restriction had been circumvented. However, more recently it has been reported that with some more work and use of kernel extensions from XPostFacto, Tiger and beta builds of Leopard, the OS can be made to run on G4-upgraded Macs as old as the, despite the lack of AGP-based graphics. While Leopard can be run on any Mac with a G4 or later processor, some functionality such as Front Row or Time Machine fails to work without a -capable graphics card, which many of the earlier G4s did not include in their factory specification.

Since Apple moved to using Intel processors in their computers, the community has developed and now also allows Mac OS X Tiger and later releases to be installed and run successfully on non-Apple x86-based computers, albeit in violation of Apple's licensing agreement for Mac OS X. Packaging The retail packaging for Leopard is significantly smaller than that of previous versions of Mac OS X (although later copies of Tiger also came in the new smaller box). It also sports a cover, making the X appear to float above a purple galaxy, somewhat resembling the default Leopard desktop wallpaper.

Personal Setup We'll show you how to get the most out of your new Mac, online or in store. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and 2TB SSD, and shipping 3.0GHz dual-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 16GB of RAM and 1TB SSD. Autodesk Maya 2018 tested using a 144.8MB scene.

Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and Intel UHD Graphics 630, and shipping 3.0GHz dual-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 16GB of RAM and Intel Iris graphics.

Tested with Rise of the Tomb Raider v1.0.5 using the built-in benchmark, at 1024x768 resolution, with lowest settings and Vsync disabled. Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and 2TB SSD, and shipping 3.0GHz dual-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 16GB of RAM and 1TB SSD. Adobe Photoshop 19.1.6 tested using a 10GB file and rotate, unsharp mask, auto color, and scale functions. Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini.

Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and 1TB SSD, and shipping 3.0GHz dual-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 16GB of RAM and 1TB SSD. Tested with FIO 3.8, 1024KB request size, 150GB test file and IO depth=8. Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and 1TB SSD, and shipping 3.0GHz dual-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 16GB of RAM and 1TB SSD. Tested with Xcode version 10.0 (10A255), with the Solar System sample application demonstrated at WWDC 2018. Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and 2TB SSD, and shipping 3.0GHz dual-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 16GB of RAM and 1TB SSD.

Tested with Xcode version 10.0 (10A255). Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and 2TB SSD, and shipping 3.0GHz dual-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 16GB of RAM and 1TB SSD. Adobe Photoshop 19.1.6 tested using the crystallize, pointillize, radial blur, shape blur, dust & scratches, and median filters.

Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and 2TB SSD, and shipping 3.0GHz dual-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 16GB of RAM and 1TB SSD. Pixelmator Pro 1.1.5 tested using a 54.6MB image.

Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and 2TB SSD, and shipping 3.0GHz dual-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 16GB of RAM and 1TB SSD. KeyShot 8 Version 8.0.247 tested with coustics.bip demo scene, at 3840x3840 resolution, with 12 quality samples. Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and 2TB SSD, and shipping 3.0GHz dual-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 16GB of RAM and 1TB SSD.

Tested with prerelease Compressor, using a 60-second project with Apple ProRes 4444 video at 4096x2160 resolution and 23.98 frames per second. Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and 2TB SSD, and shipping 3.0GHz dual-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 16GB of RAM and 1TB SSD. Tested with prerelease Final Cut Pro and plugins from RED Apple Workflow Installer v13, using a 50-second project with REDCODE® RAW 3:1 video, at 4096x2160 resolution and 23.98 frames per second. Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and 2TB SSD, and shipping 3.0GHz dual-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 16GB of RAM and 1TB SSD.

Tested using Logic Pro X 10.4.2 with project consisting of 85 Alchemy synthesizer tracks. Individual tracks were enabled during playback until CPU became overloaded. Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and 2TB SSD, and shipping 3.0GHz dual-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 16GB of RAM and 1TB SSD. Tested using Logic Pro X 10.4.2 with project consisting of 253 tracks, created with Amp Designer plug-in. Individual tracks were enabled during playback until CPU became overloaded.

Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and 2TB SSD, and shipping 3.0GHz dual-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 16GB of RAM and 1TB SSD. Tested using MainStage 3.4.0 playing a Concert with one Kontakt instance using 8Dio’s Intimate Strings library. Individual channel strips were duplicated during playback until CPU became overloaded.

Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and 2TB SSD, and shipping 3.0GHz dual-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 16GB of RAM and 1TB SSD. Tested using MainStage 3.4.0 with a Concert playing Sculpture synthesizer instruments. Individual channel strips were duplicated during playback until CPU became overloaded. Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2018 using preproduction 3.2GHz 6-core Intel Core i7-based Mac mini systems with 64GB of RAM and Intel UHD Graphics 630, and Blackmagic eGPU Pro with Radeon RX Vega 56 graphics processor, with 8GB of VRAM.

Tested with Rise of the Tomb Raider v1.0.5 using the built-in benchmark, at 1024x768 resolution, with lowest settings and Vsync disabled. Performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of Mac mini. Trade-in values will vary based on the condition, year, and configuration of your trade-in device. You must be at least 18 years old to be eligible to trade in for credit or for an Apple Store Gift Card. Not all devices are eligible for credit. More details are available from Apple’s Mac trade‑in partner and Apple’s iPhone, iPad, and Apple Watch trade‑in partner for trade-in and recycling of eligible devices. Restrictions and limitations may apply.

Payments are based on the received device matching the description you provided when your estimate was made. Apple reserves the right to refuse or limit the quantity of any device for any reason. In the Apple Store: Offer only available on presentation of a valid, government-issued photo ID (local law may require saving this information). Value of your current device may be applied toward purchase of a new Apple device.

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